Organ Shortage for Transplantation: Enzymatic Conversion of Blood Group of Donor Kidneys and Lungs

Using appropriate enzymes, researchers removed ABO blood group antigens from donor kidney and lung ex-vivo, to overcome ABO blood group mismatch. This approach can solve organ shortage by improving availability of donor organs for transplantation considerably and make the process of organ allocation fairer and more efficient.

In a recently published study, researchers used an alpha-galactosidase enzyme from Bacteroides fragilis and successfully removed type B blood group antigens from human kidneys (that had remained unused for transplantation) during ex-vivo perfusion thereby converting the blood group of the kidney to universal donor O. This is the first case of whole organ ABO blood group conversion in humans by enzymatic removal of type B blood group antigens1.

In another similar study on lungs, scientists converted blood group A lungs to blood group O lungs during ex-vivo lung perfusion using two enzymes, FpGalNAc deacetylase and FpGalactosaminidase. No significant changes in the health of lung including antibody-mediated injury were observed2,3.

Just like blood transfusion, ABO blood group matching is the key factor in the allocation of organs among the prospective recipients. Presence of A and/or B antigens in the donor organs makes allocation selective and restrictive. As a result, allocation is inefficient.

www.scientificeuropean.co.uk/medicine/organ-shortage-for-...

Taken on: September 3, 2022

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