XE3F1379 - Parque Beihai - Beihai Park

El Parque Beihai (chino tradicional: 北海公園, chino simplificado: 北海公园, pinyin: Běihǎi Gōngyuán) es un jardín imperial situado al noroeste de la Ciudad Prohibida en Pekín, China. Construido en el siglo X, es uno de los mayores jardines chinos, y contiene muchas estructuras, palacios y templos de importancia histórica. Desde 1925, ha estado abierto al público como un parque. Está conectado por el norte con el Shichahai.
El parque tiene una superficie de más de 69 hectáreas. Contiene un lago que cubre más de la mitad de todo el parque. En el centro hay una isla llamada Isla Qiónghuá (琼华) cuyo punto más alto tiene 32 m de altura. En el norte del parque hay un gran estanque llamado Estanque Taiye, que conecta los otros dos estanques, Mar Central y Mar del Sur (Zhongnanhai). El Estanque Taiye también se llama Beihai, que significa "Mar del Norte". El complejo de edificios alrededor de Zhongnanhai alberga la residencia de los líderes supremos de China.
El Parque Beihai, como muchos jardines imperiales chinos, se construyó para imitar lugares turísticos famosos y la arquitectura de diferentes regiones de China. En el Lago Taihu, los elaborados pabellones y canales de Hangzhou y Yangzhou, las delicadas estructuras de los jardines de Suzhou sirvieron como inspiración para el diseño de numerosos lugares en este jardín. Las estructuras y escenas del Parque Beihai se describen como obras maestras que reflejan el estilo y la excepcional arquitectura y riqueza de los jardines tradicionales chinos.
La Bai Ta (Pagoda Blanca) es una estupa de 40 m de altura situada en el punto más alto de la Isla Qiónghuá. Su cuerpo es de piedra blanca. El Sol, la luna y grabados de llamas decoran la superficie de la torre. Destruida en 1679 por un terremoto, se reconstruyó al año próximo, y fue restaurada de nuevo en 1976, debido a un terremoto en Tangshan, cerca de Pekín. En un relicario, ocultado dentro de la estructura hay Escrituras Budistas, mantos de monjes y un cuenco de las limosnas, y huesos de monjes(sus restos después de la cremación).
Hay varios conocidos templos budistas en el parque, como el Templo Yong'an (Templo de la Paz Eterna) y el Templo Chanfu.
En la orilla norte se sitúan los Pabellones de los Cinco Dragones, cinco pabellones conectados entre sí con agujas y aleros puntiagudos, construidos por la Dinastía Ming.
El Muro de los Nueve Dragones se sitúa al norte de los Pabellones de los Cinco Dragones. Fue construido en 1402 y es uno de los tres muros de su clase en China. Está hecho de ladrillos vidriados de siete colores. Nueve dragones jugando en las nubes decoran ambos lados del muro.
También en la orilla norte está la Habitación Jingxin (Habitación del Corazón Calmado). Es un jardín dentro del parque, con una superficie de más de 4000 m². Por todo el parque hay muchos pequeños jardines tradicionales chinos.
El Muro Circular (Tuancheng) tiene como estructura principal el Salón de la Luz Recibida (Chengguangdian), un edificio espacioso con un techo de doble alero hecho de azulejos amarillos rodeados de verde. Dentro de él hay un Buda de 1,6 m de altura, presentado al Emperador Guangxu por un rey camboyano. Fue tallado a partir de una única pieza de jade blanco puro con piedras preciosas incrustadas. La Alianza de las Ocho Naciones dañó el brazo izquierdo de la estatua en la Batalla de Pekin de 1900.
En el Parque Beihai, se pueden encontrar rocas Taihu transportadas desde la provincia de Henan y varias colecciones de arte, desde jarras de jade de la Dinastía Yuan hasta una colección de 495 estelas con inscripciones de árboles de cientos de años de antigüedad.
es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parque_Beihai

Beihai Park is a public park and former imperial garden located in the northwestern part of the Imperial City, Beijing. First built in the 11th century, it is among the largest of all Chinese gardens and contains numerous historically important structures, palaces, and temples. Since 1925, the place has been open to the public as a park. It is also connected at its northern end to the Shichahai.
The park has an area of more than 69 hectares (171 acres), with a lake that covers more than half of the entire park. At the center of the park is an island called Jade Flower Island (琼华岛; 瓊華島; Qiónghuádǎo), whose highest point is 32 meters (105 ft).
Beihai literally means "Northern Sea". There are also corresponding Central (Zhonghai) and Southern (Nanhai) "Seas". These latter two are joined inside a complex of buildings known after them as Zhongnanhai; it is the home of China's paramount leaders.
The Beihai Park, as with many of Chinese imperial gardens, was built to imitate renowned scenic spots and architecture from various regions of China; the Taihu lake, the elaborate pavilions and canals in Hangzhou and Yangzhou, the delicate garden structures in Suzhou and others all served as inspirations for the design of the numerous sites in this imperial garden. The structures and scenes in the Beihai Park are described as masterpieces of gardening technique that reflects the style and the superb architectural skill and richness of traditional Chinese garden art.
In 1179, Emperor Zhangzong of the Jin dynasty had a country resort built northeast of Zhongdu, the Jin capital, located in the southwestern part of modern Beijing. Taiye Lake was excavated along the Jinshui River and Daning Palace (大寧宮) was erected on Qionghua Island in the lake.
During the reign of Kublai Khan in the Yuan dynasty, the Qionghua island was redesigned by various architects and officials such as Liu Bingzhong, Guo Shoujing and Amir al-Din. Taiye Lake was enclosed in the Imperial City of Yuan's new capital Dadu
After the Ming dynasty moved its capital to Beijing, construction on the existing Imperial City began in 1406. At this time, the Taiye Lake were divided into three lakes by bridges, Northern Sea (Beihai,北海), Central Sea (Zhonghai,中海) and Southern Sea (Nanhai,南海). The lakes were part of an extensive royal park called Xiyuan (Western Park,西苑) in the west part of the Imperial City, Beijing.
The White Pagoda (白塔, Bai Ta, "White Tower") is a 40-meter (131 ft) high stupa placed on the highest point on Jade Flower Island, built to honour the visit of the 5th Dalai Lama in 1651. Its body is made of white stone. Sun, moon and flame engravings decorate the surface of the tower. Destroyed by the 1679 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake, it was rebuilt the following year, and restored again in 1976 because of the Tangshan earthquake near Beijing. A reliquary, secreted inside the structure are Buddhist scriptures, monk's mantles and alms bowl, and the bones of monks (their remains after cremation).
There are several renowned Buddhist temples located within Beihai Park, such as the Yong'an Temple (Temple of Everlasting Peace) and the Chanfu Temple.
On the north bank lies the Five-Dragon Pavilions, five connected pavilions with spires and pointed upswept eaves, which was built in the Ming dynasty.
The Nine-Dragon Wall lies north of the Five-Dragon Pavilion. It was built in 1402 and is one of three walls of its kind in China. It is made of glazed bricks of seven-colors. Nine complete dragons playing in the clouds decorate both sides of the wall.
Also on the north bank is the Jingxin Room (Quieting Heart Room). It is a garden within the garden, and covers an area of more than 4,000 square meters (43,056 sq ft). Many small traditional Chinese gardens exist throughout the park.
The Round City (团成, Tuancheng) has as its main structure the Hall of Received Light (Chengguangdian), a spacious building with a double-eaved roof made of yellow glazed tiles bordered in green. Inside there is a 1.6 m tall Buddha presented to the Guangxu Emperor of the Qing dynasty by a Khmer (Cambodian) king. It is carved from a single piece of pure white jade inlaid with precious stones. The Eight-Nation Alliance damaged the statue's left arm in the Battle of Beijing in 1900.
In Beihai Park, one could find Taihu rocks shipped from the Henan province and a variety of art collections ranging from jade jars from the Yuan dynasty to a collection of 495 steles bearing inscriptions by trees of hundreds of years old.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beihai_Park

Taken on: March 31, 2018

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Sets appears in: • 北京 Beijing - Pekín

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Camera:	Fujifilm X-E3
Aperture:	f/5.0
Exposure Time:	0.008 sec (1/125)
Focal Length:	58.9mm (35mm equivalent: 88mm)
ISO:	250
Exposure Bias:	-0.33 EV
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