XE3A8229 - 中国杭州 – Hangzhou, China

Hangzhou léase Jang-Zhóu es la capital y la ciudad más grande de la provincia de Zhejiang en la República Popular China. Está situada en las riberas del río Qiantang, cerca de su desembocadura, y a la cabeza de la bahía de Hangzhou, que separa Shanghái y Ningbo. Hangzhou cobró relevancia al ser el extremo sur del Gran Canal, y ha sido una de las ciudades chinas con más renombre durante el último milenio.
La ciudad de Hangzhou yace en el delta del río Yangtsé y hace frontera al este con la bahía de Hangzhou. Dentro de la ciudad se ubica el lago del Oeste, el cual fue nombrado Patrimonio de la Humanidad en el 2011. El río Qiantang divide la ciudad en norte y sur, siendo el norte el de mayor población.

La ciudad ganó importancia gracias a la construcción durante la dinastía Sui del Gran Canal de China. Durante ese periodo se construyó la muralla de la ciudad. Fue la capital de la dinastía Song del sur (1127-1279). A partir del año 1138 se convirtió en un importante centro de comercio. La industria de la ciudad se especializó en la porcelana y los textiles.

El explorador Marco Polo visitó Hangzhou a finales del siglo XIII y dijo de ella que era “la ciudad más suntuosa y elegante del mundo”. Hasta la dinastía Ming, fue un puerto importante. A partir de ese periodo, y como consecuencia de los continuos ataques de los piratas japoneses, Hangzhou perdió importancia. En 1555 la ciudad fue saqueada por los piratas. En 1861 sufrió el ataque de los rebeldes del Reino Celestial de los Taiping que tomaron y saquearon la ciudad. Hangzhou no fue recuperada por las tropas imperiales hasta 1863. Este conflicto entre rebeldes y tropas imperiales causó más de medio millón de bajas entre la población.

Las industrias tradicionales de Hangzhou son la de la seda, maquinaria y textil pero la industria electrónica se ha desarrollado con rapidez en la zona, sobre todo después del cambio en el sistema económico del país ocurrido en 1992. La ciudad se ha convertido también en uno de los destinos turísticos más visitados del país, lo que ha generado que una parte de la economía se dedique al sector servicios. En la zona se produce té verde; el té de la zona de Hangzhou es apreciado en todo el país por su alta calidad.

Cabe destacar que esta ciudad vio nacer al empresario Jack Ma, fundador de Alibaba, y actualmente el hombre más rico de China. La empresa que creó también vio la luz por primera vez desde el departamento de Ma en Hangzhou, en los años 1990. La sede del corporativo sigue estando en la ciudad de Hangzhou con un campus de enormes proporciones, similar al de sus pares estadounidenses en Silicon Valley.

es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou
lostraveleros.com/que-hacer-en-hangzhou/

Hangzhou (Chinese: 杭州, Hangzhounese pronunciation: [ɦɑ̃.tse], Standard Mandarin pronunciation: [xǎŋ.ʈʂóʊ]), also romanized as Hangchow, is the capital and most populous city of Zhejiang, China. It is located in the northwestern part of the province, sitting at the head of Hangzhou Bay, which separates Shanghai and Ningbo. Hangzhou grew to prominence as the southern terminus of the Grand Canal and has been one of China's most renowned and prosperous cities for much of the last millennium. It is a major economic and e-commerce hub within China, and the second biggest city in Yangtze Delta after Shanghai. Hangzhou is classified as a sub-provincial city and forms the core of the Hangzhou metropolitan area, the fourth-largest in China after Guangzhou-Shenzhen Pearl River agglomeration, Shanghai-Suzhou-Wuxi-Changzhou conurbation and Beijing. As of 2019, the Hangzhou metropolitan area was estimated to produce a gross metropolitan product (nominal) of 3.2 trillion yuan ($486.53 billion), making it larger than the economy of Nigeria (the largest in Africa). As of the 2020 Chinese census, it had a total population of 11,936,010 inhabitants. However, its metropolitan area, populated by 13.035 million people over an area of 8,107.9 km2 (3,130.5 sq mi), consists of all urban districts in Hangzhou and 3 urban districts of the city of Shaoxing.
Hangzhou has been repeatedly rated as the best commercial city in mainland China by Forbes and the Chinese city with the highest growth potential by the Economist Intelligence Unit, and it boasts the eighth largest GDP among cities in mainland China with a GDP of around 1.8 trillion RMB ($280 billion). Home to the headquarters of large global tech companies such as the Alibaba Group, Ant Group and NetEase, Hangzhou is known for attracting professionals and entrepreneurs who work in information technology. Since 2014, its rapid population growth has led to a steady increase in local housing prices. According to the 2020 Hurun Global Rich List, Hangzhou ranks 11th in the world and 6th in China (after Beijing, Shanghai, Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou) in the number of resident billionaires.
Hangzhou is a major city for scientific research in the Asia-Pacific, ranking 19th globally by scientific outputs. It hosts several notable universities, including Zhejiang, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou Normal, Hangzhou Dianzi, Zhejiang A&F, Zhejiang Sci-Tech, Zhejiang Chinese Medical, Westlake, China Jiliang and Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics. In September 2015, Hangzhou was awarded the 2022 Asian Games. Its West Lake, a UNESCO World Heritage Site west of the city, is among its best-known attractions.[7] A study conducted by PwC and China Development Research Foundation ranked Hangzhou first among "Chinese Cities of Opportunity". According to the Globalization and World Cities Research Network (GaWC), the city is classified as Beta (global second-tier) city, together with Chongqing, Nanjing and Tianjin in China. Hangzhou is also one of the world's top 100 financial centers, according to the Global Financial Centres Index. It will be the third Chinese city to host the Asian Games, after Beijing 1990 and Guangzhou 2010. Hangzhou also hosted the 11th G20 summit in 2016.
Yuan China was very open to foreign visitors, and several returned west describing Hangzhou—under the names Khinzai, Campsay, etc. - as one of the foremost cities in the world. The Venetian merchant Marco Polo supposedly visited Hangzhou in the late 13th century. In his book, he records that the city was "greater than any in the world" and that "the number and wealth of the merchants, and the amount of goods that passed through their hands, was so enormous that no man could form a just estimate thereof." Polo's account greatly exaggerates the city's size, although it has been argued that the "hundred miles" of walls would be plausible if Chinese miles were intended instead of Italian ones and that the "12,000 stone bridges" might have been a copyist error born from the city's 12 gates. In the 14th century, the Moroccan traveler Ibn Battuta arrived; his later account concurred that al-Khansā was "the biggest city I have ever seen on the face of the earth." He visited Hangzhou in 1345 and noted its charm and described how the city sat on a beautiful lake and was surrounded by gentle green hills. He was particularly impressed by the large number of well-crafted and well-painted Chinese wooden ships with colored sails and silk awnings in the canals. He attended a banquet held by Qurtai, the Yuan Mongol administrator of the city, who according to Ibn Battuta, was fond of the skills of local Chinese conjurers.

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hangzhou

Taken on: November 26, 2019

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Lingyin Temple

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Hangzhou

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中国杭州

China

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ISO:	400
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