Standing in front of the Mighty Eiger. (3,970 meter Alt.) Canton of Bern, Switzerland. No. 1481.
"The Eiger is a 3,970-metre (13,020 ft) mountain of the Bernese Alps, overlooking Grindelwald and Lauterbrunnen in the Bernese Oberland, just north of the main watershed and border with Valais. It is the easternmost peak of a ridge crest that extends across the Mönch to the Jungfrau at 4,158 m (13,642 ft), constituting one of the most emblematic sights of the Swiss Alps. While the northern side of the mountain rises more than 3,000 m (10,000 ft) above the two valleys of Grindelwald and Lauterbrunnen, the southern side faces the large glaciers of the Jungfrau-Aletsch area, the most glaciated region in the Alps. The most notable feature of the Eiger is its 1,800-metre-high (5,900 ft) north face of rock and ice, named Eigerwand or Nordwand, which is the biggest north face in the Alps.[3] This huge face towers the resort of Kleine Scheidegg at its base, on the homonymous pass connecting the two valleys.
The first ascent of the Eiger was made by Swiss guides Christian Almer and Peter Bohren (de) and Irishman Charles Barrington, who climbed the west flank on August 11, 1858. The north face, considered amongst the most challenging and dangerous ascents, was first climbed in 1938 by an Austrian-German expedition.[4] The Eiger has been highly-publicized for the many tragedies involving climbing expeditions. Since 1935, at least sixty-four climbers have died attempting the north face, earning it the German nickname Mordwand, literally "murder(ous) wall"—a pun on its correct title of Nordwand (North Wall).[5]
Although the summit of the Eiger can be reached by experienced climbers only, a railway tunnel runs inside the mountain, and two internal stations provide easy access to viewing-windows carved into the rock face. They are both part of the Jungfrau Railway line, running from Kleine Scheidegg to the Jungfraujoch, between the Mönch and the Jungfrau, at the highest railway station in Europe. The two stations within the Eiger are Eigerwand (behind the north face) and Eismeer (behind the south face), at around 3,000 metres.
The Eiger is mentioned in records dating back to the 13th century, but there is no clear indication of how exactly the peak gained its name. The three mountains of the ridge are commonly referred to as the Virgin (German: Jungfrau – translates to "virgin" or "maiden"), the Monk (Mönch), and the Ogre (Eiger; the standard German word for ogre is Oger). The name has been linked to the Latin term acer, meaning "sharp" or "pointed", but more commonly to the German eigen, meaning "own".
L’Eiger est un sommet individualisé des Alpes situé entièrement en Suisse dans le massif des Alpes bernoises. Son nom, attesté en 1252, ne signifie pas l'« ogre » contrairement aux idées reçues mais plus probablement « le grand épieu ». La confusion est due à la face nord qui a tué plusieurs personnes1. Cette dernière, la plus grande face des Alpes avec 1 600 m de hauteur1, presque totalement verticale ou déversante, fut considérée par l'alpinisme comme un des trois derniers grands problèmes des Alpes, avec les faces nord du Cervin et des Grandes Jorasses.
L'Eiger est traversé par le tunnel d'un chemin de fer à crémaillère de la compagnie de la Jungfraubahn. Il existe une gare dans la paroi de la face nord, appelée Eigerwand, qui permet au visiteur d'avoir une vue au sein de la face nord.
L'Eiger è una montagna svizzera delle Alpi bernesi, situata nella regione montuosa dell'Oberland. È particolarmente famosa per la sua parete nord, che ha costituito uno dei principali problemi alpinistici degli anni trenta.
Der Eiger ist ein 3'970 m ü. M. hoher Berg in den Berner Alpen. Er ist dem Hauptkamm der Berner Alpen etwas nördlich vorgelagert und steht vollständig auf dem Territorium des Schweizer Kantons Bern. Zusammen mit Mönch und Jungfrau dominiert der Eiger die Landschaft des zentralen Berner Oberlandes. Die etwa 3000 Meter über dem Tal aufragende Nordwestseite dieser drei Gipfel ist eines der bekanntesten „Dreigestirne“ der Alpen. Die Nordwand des Eigers fasziniert sowohl Bergsteiger als auch Alpin-Laien. Durch dramatische Besteigungsversuche dieser Wand wurde der Eiger weltweit bekannt und immer wieder ins Blickfeld der Öffentlichkeit gerückt – nicht zuletzt, da die gesamte Nordwand von Grindelwald und der Bahnstation Kleine Scheidegg einsehbar ist. Heute ist die Jungfraubahn mit ihrem Tunnel durch den Tigerfells ein Touristenmagnet. "
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