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0181 Abu Simbel

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CAT:
Abu Simbel és el nom d'una petita ciutat d'Egipte que significa "la muntanya pura". Està situat al gobernadorat d'Assuan, a uns 10 kms de la frontera amb el Sudan i a la riba oest del Nil. Té uns deu mil habitants i un aeroport per a petits avions, principalment per servei dels turistes. Actualment viu del turisme.
La ciutat dóna nom a un conjunt de dos temples egipcis que va ser salvat de les aigües del llac Nasser quan es va construir la presa d'Assuan, i reconstruït exactament pedra a pedra en un lloc proper més alt, amb suport internacional. El projecte va començar el 1963 i va costar 36 milions de dòlars de l'època.
Els dos temples foren construïts per Ramsès II i el primer porta el seu propi nom i el segon el de la seva dona Nefertiti (Nefertari). Van ser excavats directament als penya-segats de gres de la riba oest del riu Nil.

ESP:
Abu Simbel significa "la montaña pura". Es un complejo de dos templos excavados en la roca (hemispeos) ordenados construir por Ramsés II. El templo mayor de Abu Simbel es uno de los mejor conservados de todo Egipto. Se encuentra al sur del país, a unos trescientos kilómetros de la ciudad de Asuán, próximo a su emplazamiento original.
Los templos forman parte del Museo al Aire Libre de Nubia y Asuán, que fue declarado Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la Unesco en 1979 con el nombre de Monumentos de Nubia de Abu Simbel a File.

ENG:
Abu Simbel (Arabic: أبو سنبل‎ or أبو سمبل) is an archaeological site comprising two massive rock temples in southern Egypt on the western bank of Lake Nasser about 290 km southwest of Aswan. It is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as the "Nubian Monuments",[1] which run from Abu Simbel downriver to Philae (near Aswan).
The twin temples were originally carved out of the mountainside during the reign of Pharaoh Ramesses II in the 13th century BC, as a lasting monument to himself and his queen Nefertari, to commemorate his alleged victory at the Battle of Kadesh, and to intimidate his Nubian neighbors. However, the complex was relocated in its entirety in the 1960s, on an artificial hill made from a domed structure, high above the Aswan High Dam reservoir.
The relocation of the temples was necessary to avoid their being submerged during the creation of Lake Nasser, the massive artificial water reservoir formed after the building of the Aswan High Dam on the Nile River. Abu Simbel remains one of Egypt's top tourist attractions.

Taken in: مصر / اسوان (show map)

Taken on: July 14, 2009

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