Fulda, Hesse (Germany), Kirche Sankt Salvator, duomo di Santo Salvatore, catedral de Santo Salvador, cathédrale de Saint Sauveur, cathedral of Saint Savior, wybawca (Domplatz)

            Chronology
Period Description
1704-1712 overall planning and construction period
History
The Episcopal Church in Hessian Fulda looks to a history reaching back to Frankish time that is closely linked to the missionary work of the Empire territory.
The karolingical predecessor construction
On the site of a probably in the Saxon wars destroyed Frankish Herrenhof (manor farm) founded Sturm, a disciple of Saint Boniface, the monastery of Fulda. After the Anglo-Saxon missionary was killed by the Frisians 754 and was buried in the newly built church, developed this quickly to a popular pilgrimage site. Not least the growing number of monks and pilgrims made ​​a comprehensive extension of the as hall church with a semicircular apse designed construction necessary. So the abbot Ratgar (791-819) first began with the establishment of a new Ostanlage (east layout) before to the then to a three-aisled basilica expanded building then a weitausladendes (elaborate) transept was added a second apse in the west. This Westanlage (west layout) refers clearly back to the Constantinian Church Old St. Peter in Rome and documents architecturally impressive the Rombezug (reference to Rome) of the directly to the Holy See subordinated monastery when it was founded.
Also the ring crypt under the western apse follows the example of the early Christian Roman Peter Church. There, Pope Gregory I about 600 had made the grave of the Prince of the Apostles by a similar facility for the pilgrims accessible.
The baroque new building
Not only the for its time of creation unique size and complexity of the Ratgarbasilika, but also its religious significance as burial place of Boniface allowed the Carolingian building to become a model for its Baroque successor. Thus Johann Dietzenhofer oriented himself with his in 1704-12 erected new building at the disposition of the previous building, those foundations were taken as far as possible. Also the baroque atypical system as three-aisled basilica seems explicable only from the reverent preservation of the original design. Only the west choir of the early medieval double chancel replaced the architect through a two-tower facade.
After air war damage during the Second World War, the restoration was completed in 1954.
Architecture
Following the example of the Carolingian episcopal church, Johann Dietzenhofer built the baroque cathedral as a three-aisled basilica with a transept and crossing tower. The above discussed Rombezüge (references to Rome) of the "Ratgarbasilika" he revived by a clear reference to Francesco Borromini's reconstruction of the Lateran Basilica once again. The Roman model paraphrasing, alternate in the nave large arched openings with smaller rectangular, above which figure niches are set into the high nave wall. In the aisles the individual yokes appear as independent, by horizontal oval domes centered spatial units.
Above the intersection arches a massive dome, whose drum is divided by double pilasters between which windows and figure niches alternate.
The as canopy formed high altar, where Gian Lorenzo Bernini's Marmorziborium in St. Peter's Church is evoked, gives a clear view of the elongated monk choir.
The exterior building is largely determined by the additive looking arrangement of towers, domes and chapels. The per se narrow twin-tower facade with its incorporated Ottonian towers is corrected in its Gesamtproportionierung (overall proportioning) by the two laterally attached chapels. The two flanking obelisks let the show side of the church gently fade away.
Decoration and equippment
The spatial effect is determined by the contrast between the white of the wall surfaces and the stucco on the one hand and the black and gold color chord of the architectural elements and the equipment to another.
The stucco with its many figurative representations was created by Giovanni Battista Artari.
Of the rest of its features, especially the numerous baroque tombs deserve special attention.
Markus Golser
Wikipedia article
Baroque Cathedral Church Basilica Two towers Crossing tower
deu.archinform.net/projekte/4615.htm
   

Taken in: Deutschland / Hessen / Fulda (show map)

Taken on: January 4, 2019

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