Callithrix (Callithrix) jacchus - Common Marmoset / Sagui-de-Tufos-Brancos / Soim (Linnaeus, 1758)

The Mighty King

Description: Found in Brazil, the Callithrix jacchus are protected animals and mostly found in the Northwest. They emit a shriek under a variety of conditions, as to announce the encountering of food, sight of danger or mating. The adults are also predators, feeding not only on the eggs of birds, but also on baby birds. Their feeding habits are not limited to that, though; in the wild, Callithrix jacchus search for fruits and chew on the trunks of trees to ingest the gum that oozes from within. Due to this rich gum diet, the common marmoset can thrive even under precarious environmental conditions and drought.

In the wild, they can be mostly found under preserved areas, where it is prohibited to feed them, but people still do it. Due to this, this little monkey has become receptive and friendly towards people, thinking they will be fed, which results in environmental damage.

They are bred under captivity in other countries and some can also be found in the Southeast and North of Brazil.

They weight from 350 grams to 450 grams. The ears possess white tufts of long hairs. The body's hair is light-gray and black, but shades of brown are present. The body sports short hair compared to the ear's. Due to this monkey's arboreal lifestyle, they need to balance themselves really well, which is done through the tail. The tail is longer than the body. In the wild and when not used to human presence, they are territorialists and will emit a shriek to alert the others in the presence of danger. They can be found in groups of three to fifteen.

The sexual maturity of females is reached at 18 months of life and the sexual maturity of males is reached when they are 2 years old. The pregnancy can last from 140 to 160 days. Two offsprings are born. Two weeks later they will experiment mature fruits but will keep breastfeeding for two months. The male will carry the babies which are transferred to the females when it is time to feed. 21 days after being born, the young will begin to explore the area but will still cling onto the father's body for 6 to 7 weeks.

Their claws are efficient and are used in their arboreal lifestyle. Their teeth are adapted to pierce the trunks of trees. They inhabit semideciduous and deciduous scrub forests, forest patches in dry Caatinga and humid rainforests in Northeast Brazil, as well as the bush savannas of Cerrado. They are incredibly adaptable and can live in urbanized areas really well. They possess two, instead of three molar teeth in either side of each jaw. The lower incisors are used to pierce trees. They can also feed on flowers and nectar.

They are distributed as follows in Brazil: Alagoas; Bahia (Introduced); Ceará; Espírito Santo (Introduced); Maranhão; Paraíba; Paraná (Introduced); Pernambuco; Piauí; Rio de Janeiro (Introduced); Rio Grande do Norte; Santa Catarina (Introduced); São Paulo (Introduced); Sergipe (Introduced).

They were also, unfortunately, introduced to other countries.

Although widespread, their population is suffering decline due to habitat destruction in many areas of their natural distribution.

They are members of the class Mammalia, order Primates, suborder Haplorrhini, infraorder Simiiformes, parvorder Platyrrhini, superfamily Ceboidea, family Callitrichidae and subfamily Callitrichinae.

Text revision by: Marina de Azevedo Guerra (www.facebook.com/marina.guerragymnopaedist)

Sources:

www.iucnredlist.org/details/41518/0

pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Callithrix_jacchus

Feeding type: Eats fruits, insects, eggs of birds, baby birds and the gum that oozes from a tree's trunk after being chewed.

PROJECT NOAH (Português): www.projectnoah.org/spottings/2046257649

Taken in: Brasil / Ceará / Fortaleza (show map)

Taken on: December 17, 2017

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