Dione juno juno - Juno Longwing / Juno Silverspot / Juno Heliconian / Lágrimas-de-Prata / Borboleta-do-Maracujá (Cramer, [1779])

Sanctuary Fortress

Description: Dione juno juno is a butterfly in the order Lepidoptera, subdivision Bombycina, superfamily Papilionoidea, family Nymphalidae, subfamily Heliconiinae and tribe Heliconiini.

Gregarious in nature, probably as a defensive mechanism, the larvae of Dione juno juno feed on:

Medicago sativa (L.) (Fabaceae: Faboideae) ("alfalfa" / "lucerve");

Gossypium sp. (L.) (Malvaceae: Malvoideae: Gossypieae) ("cotton");

Arachis hypogaea (L.) (Fabaceae: Faboideae: Dalbergieae) ("peanut");

Oryza sp. (L.) (Poaceae: Oryzoideae: Oryzeae: Oryzinae) ("rice");

Solanum tuberosum (L.) (Solanaceae) ("potato");

Brassica oleracea var. Italica (L.) (Brassicaceae) ("broccoli");

Saccharum sp. (L.) (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Andropogoneae: Andropogoninae) ("sugar cane");

Cocos nucifera (L.) (Arecaceae) ("coconut tree");

Brassica oleracea var. Acephala (L.) (Brassicaceae) ("cabbage");

Brassica oleracea var. Botrytis (L.) ("cauliflower");

Nicotiana sp. (L.) (Solanaceae: Nicotianoideae: Nicotianeae) ("tobacco");

Manihot esculenta (Crantz) (Euphorbiaceae) ("cassava" / "Brazilian arrowroot" / "mandioca" / "yuca" / "manioc");

Passiflora sp. (L.) (Passifloraceae) ("passion fruit tree");

Zea mays (L.) (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Maydeae) ("corn");

Brassica oleracea var. Capitata (Brassicaceae) ("savoy cabbage");

Hevea brasiliensis (Müll.Arg.) (Euphorbiaceae) ("Pará rubber tree" / "sharinga tree" / "rubber tree" / "rubber plant" / "seringueira");

Glycine max ((L.) Merr.) (Fabaceae: Faboideae) ("soybean")

Triticum sp. (L.) (Poaceae: Pooideae: Triticeae) ("wheat")

...and pastures.

www.agrolink.com.br/problemas/lagarta-do-maracujazeiro_44...

The larvae seem to prefer Passiflora edulis (Sims, 1818), P. edulis f. flavicarpa (in Southern Brazil), P. edulis f. flavicarpa (other areas) and P. edulis f. flavicarpa genotype Maguary FB-100.

The larvae do not seem to be able to survive with P. alata (Curtis (1788)), P. serrato-digitata (L.) and P. foetida (L.).

The pupa stage lasts from 8,15 days to 9,93 days, depending on the conditions; larvae who fed on P. edulis f. flavicarpa and genotype Maguary FB-100 displayed a pupal duration of 9,54 and 9,93 days, respectively, while those who fed on P. edulis displayed a pupal duration of 8,15 days. This means that the healthiest food plant for Dione juno juno is P. edulis.

The adult's lifespan also changes from 1,48 days to 1,83 days depending on the conditions.

www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100...

The wings are relatively long and straight, curving at the apex and, more or less, orange-colored. The forewings possess a dark line on the costal margin that is interrupted midway through it by a down-curving line, however still proceeding through the costal margin and interrupted again shortly after the first interruption. The second interruption displays a line going from the costal margin of the forewings to their outer margin. The line continues through the costal margin, circles around the apex following down the outer margin until the inner angle. The forewings' discoidal cell circles the first interruption mentioned above. The thorax is orange (more inclined towards dark-orange). The abdomen is also orange. The hindwings are completely orange except for the outer margin which are dark-colored. The eyes are medium-sized and compound. The antennae are erect and more robust at the tip.

The chrysalis is greyish-brown - borboletasbr.blogspot.com/2011/02/

The larvae are black, with non-urticarious setae and multiple orange spots scattered all around. The head is black - joias-da-natureza.blogspot.com/2017/10/dione-juno-cramer-...

The eggs are deposited in clusters - borboletasbr.blogspot.com/2011/02/dione-juno-juno.html

The adults of Dione juno juno (and probably the other subspecies as well) feed on mineralized substances of the soil (this one, for instance, was feeding on the substract of the bycicle) and are also nectarivorous, feeding on the nectar of some flowers such as Lantana camara (L.) (Verbenaceae). Dione juno juno seems to present color variations between specimens.

pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dione_juno

In their natural habitat, they are often seen flying around passion fruit trees; otherwise, they are seen flying around or landed on the floor of trails to feed on the mineralized substances of the soil.

EOL: "Juno was a Roman goddess, the equivalent of the Greek Hera, queen of the gods. Juno was a majestical figure, wearing a diadem on her head. The peacock is her symbolic animal. Juno is also the guardian of the Empire's finances and considered the Matron Goddess of all Rome. The month of June was named after her (JUNO)."

eol.org/pages/153946/overview

These are the known subspecies of D. juno:

D. j. andicola (Bates, 1864)
D. j. huascuma (Reakirt, 1866)
D. j. juno (Cramer, [1779])
D. j. miraculosa (Hering, 1926)
D. j. suffumata (Brown & Mielke, 1972)

en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dione_juno

Needs confirmation if it should be (Cramer, 1779) or if the date should be within brackets.

PROJECT NOAH (Português): www.projectnoah.org/spottings/937879339

Taken in: Brasil / Santa Catarina / Benedito Novo (show map)

Taken on: February 23, 2017

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Sets appears in: • Heliconiini • Heliconiinae more » • Papilionoidea • Lepidoptera (Butterflies) • Nymphalidae • Class: Insecta « less

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