Asia - China - a photo on Flickriver

Asia - China

            China, voluit Volksrepubliek China (Traditioneel Chinees: 中華人民共和國; Vereenvoudigd Chinees: 中华人民共和国; Pinyin: Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó), is een land in Oost-Azië waarvan de hoofdstad Peking is. China bestuurt 22 provincies (sheng), 5 autonome regio's, 4 stadsprovincies en 2 Speciale Bestuurlijke Regio's.
 
China kent een divers landschap, met de Tian Shan en de Himalaya als het hoogste gebergte ter wereld in het zuidwesten, de Taklamakan- en de Gobi-woestijnen in het noorden en de subtropische regenwouden in het zuiden aan de grens met Vietnam en Laos. Het territorium wordt in het noorden begrensd door Mongolië en Rusland, in het oosten door Noord-Korea, en in het westen door Afghanistan, Kazachstan, Kirgizië, Tadzjikistan en Pakistan. In het zuiden zijn India, Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos en Vietnam de buren. Daarnaast heeft China een kustlijn van 6400 km aan het oosten en zuiden die grenst aan de Gele Zee, de Oost-Chinese Zee en de Zuid-Chinese Zee.
 
Met een bevolking van 1.343.239.923 (2012) is het qua inwoners het grootste land (voor India) en met een oppervlakte van  9.596.961  km² is het land vierde qua oppervlakte (na Rusland, Canada en de Verenigde Staten).
 
China is een van de vroegste centra van beschaving en werd vrij vroeg in de wereldgeschiedenis een groot verenigd land met een geavanceerde cultuur op het vlak van kunst en wetenschap. In 221 v.Chr kwam de eerste keizer, Qin Shi Huangdi, aan de macht, die het land verenigde na eeuwen van onrust en het Terracottaleger en de Chinese Muur achterliet. In 1911 werd de Republiek China uitgeroepen, in 1949 wonnen de communisten onder leiding van Mao de burgeroorlog en werd het land communistisch.

The word "China" is derived from Persian Cin (چین). It is first recorded in 1516 in the journal of Portuguese explorer Duarte Barbosa. The word appears in English in a translation published in 1555.The Persian word is, in turn, derived from the Sanskrit word Cīna (चीन), which was used as a name for China as early as AD 150. There are various scholarly theories regarding the origin of this word. The traditional theory, proposed in the 17th century by Martino Martini, is that "China" is derived from "Qin" (秦), the westernmost of the Chinese kingdoms during the Zhou Dynasty, or from the succeeding Qin Dynasty (221–206 BC). The word Cīna is used in two Hindu scriptures – the Mahābhārata of the 5th century BC and the Laws of Manu of the 2nd century BC – to refer to a country located in the Tibetan-Burman borderlands east of India.
 
In China, common names for the country include Zhōngguó (Chinese: 中国; literally "the Central State(s)") and Zhōnghuá (Chinese: 中华), although the country's official name has been changed numerous times by successive dynasties and modern governments. The term Zhongguo appeared in various ancient texts, such as the Classic of History of the 6th century BC, and in pre-imperial times it was often used as a cultural concept to distinguish the Huaxia from the barbarians. The term, which can be either singular or plural, referred to the group of states in the central plain. It was only in the nineteenth century that the term emerged as the formal name of the country. The Chinese were not unique in regarding their country as "central", since other civilizations had the same view.

Taken on: April 15, 2011

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Camera: Canon EOS 400D, f/5.6, 1/100 sec, 30mm, ISO 400 (more info) (hide info)

Camera:	Canon EOS 400D
Aperture:	f/5.6
Exposure Time:	0.01 sec (1/100)
Focal Length:	30mm
ISO:	400
Exposure Bias:	0 EV
Flash:	Auto, Fired, Red-eye reduction
Exposure Program:	Program AE
Exposure Mode:	Auto
Metering Mode:	Multi-segment
White Balance:	Auto
Color Space:	sRGB
Software:	Picasa
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